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Psychology

The Introduction to Psychology Course Content is designed to help the instructor teach all of the objectives of the course and can be used as a whole or in pieces or modules. 

The full course is entitled Introduction to Psychology Course Content.

ABOUT THIS CONTENT: This content was created as part of an Ohio Department of Higher Education Innovation Grant to create Open Educational Resources for high enrollment courses. A team of faculty content collaborators, a librarian, and a faculty review team worked together to curate this content and assure that it meets the Transfer Assurance Guidelines for this course. This work was completed and the course was posted in September 2018.

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Adolescent Development
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Adolescence is a period that begins with puberty and ends with the transition to adulthood (approximately ages 10–20). Physical changes associated with puberty are triggered by hormones. Cognitive changes include improvements in complex and abstract thought, as well as development that happens at different rates in distinct parts of the brain and increases adolescents’ propensity for risky behavior because increases in sensation-seeking and reward motivation precede increases in cognitive control.

Subject:
Psychology
Social Science
Material Type:
Module
Provider:
Diener Education Fund
Provider Set:
Noba
Author:
Jennifer Lansford
Date Added:
10/18/2023
Affective Neuroscience
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This module provides a brief overview of the neuroscience of emotion. It integrates findings from human and animal research to describe the brain networks and associated neurotransmitters involved in basic affective systems.

Subject:
Psychology
Social Science
Material Type:
Lesson
Provider:
Diener Education Fund
Provider Set:
Noba
Author:
Cindy Harmon-Jones
Eddie Harmon-Jones
Date Added:
10/18/2023
Aging
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Traditionally, research on aging described only the lives of people over age 65 and the very old. Contemporary theories and research recognizes that biogenetic and psychological processes of aging are complex and lifelong.

Subject:
Psychology
Social Science
Material Type:
Module
Provider:
Diener Education Fund
Provider Set:
Noba
Author:
Jacqui Smith
Tara Queen
Date Added:
10/18/2023
All it takes is 10 mindful minutes
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When is the last time you did absolutely nothing for 10 whole minutes? Not texting, talking or even thinking? Mindfulness expert Andy Puddicombe describes the transformative power of doing just that: Refreshing your mind for 10 minutes a day, simply by being mindful and experiencing the present moment. (No need for incense or sitting in uncomfortable positions.)

Subject:
Psychology
Social Science
Material Type:
Lecture
Provider:
TED Talks
Author:
Andy Puddicombe
Date Added:
10/13/2023
Attachment Through the Life Course
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The purpose of this module is to provide a brief review of attachment theory—a theory designed to explain the significance of the close, emotional bonds that children develop with their caregivers and the implications of those bonds for understanding personality development. The module discusses the origins of the theory, research on individual differences in attachment security in infancy and childhood, and the role of attachment in adult relationships.

Subject:
Psychology
Social Science
Material Type:
Module
Provider:
Diener Education Fund
Provider Set:
Noba
Author:
Chris Fraley
Date Added:
10/18/2023
The Brain
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The human brain is responsible for all behaviors, thoughts, and experiences described in this textbook. This module provides an introductory overview of the brain, including some basic neuroanatomy, and brief descriptions of the neuroscience methods used to study it.

Subject:
Psychology
Social Science
Material Type:
Reading
Provider:
Diener Education Fund
Provider Set:
Noba
Author:
Diane Beck
Evelina Tapia
Date Added:
10/12/2023
Brain components
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The brain is composed of more than a thousand billion neurons. Specific groups of them, working in concert, provide us with the capacity to reason, to experience feelings, and to understand the world. They also give us the capacity to remember numerous pieces of information.

Subject:
Psychology
Social Science
Material Type:
Lesson
Date Added:
10/12/2023
Categories and Concepts
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People form mental concepts of categories of objects, which permit them to respond appropriately to new objects they encounter. Most concepts cannot be strictly defined but are organized around the “best” examples or prototypes, which have the properties most common in the category. Objects fall into many different categories, but there is usually a most salient one, called the basic-level category, which is at an intermediate level of specificity (e.g., chairs, rather than furniture or desk chairs). Concepts are closely related to our knowledge of the world, and people can more easily learn concepts that are consistent with their knowledge.

Subject:
Psychology
Social Science
Material Type:
Module
Provider:
Diener Education Fund
Provider Set:
Noba
Author:
Gregory Murphy
Date Added:
10/16/2023
Cognitive Development in Childhood
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This module examines what cognitive development is, major theories about how it occurs, the roles of nature and nurture, whether it is continuous or discontinuous, and how research in the area is being used to improve education.

Subject:
Psychology
Social Science
Material Type:
Module
Provider:
Diener Education Fund
Provider Set:
Noba
Author:
Robert Siegler
Date Added:
10/18/2023
Conception to birth -- visualized
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Image-maker Alexander Tsiaras shares a powerful medical visualization, showing human development from conception to birth and beyond. (Some graphic images.)

Subject:
Psychology
Social Science
Material Type:
Lecture
Provider:
TED Talks
Author:
Alexander Tsiaras
Date Added:
10/18/2023
Conditioning and Learning
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Basic principles of learning are always operating and always influencing human behavior. This module discusses the two most fundamental forms of learning -- classical (Pavlovian) and instrumental (operant) conditioning. Through them, we respectively learn to associate 1) stimuli in the environment, or 2) our own behaviors, with significant events, such as rewards and punishments. The two types of learning have been intensively studied because they have powerful effects on behavior, and because they provide methods that allow scientists to analyze learning processes rigorously. This module describes some of the most important things you need to know about classical and instrumental conditioning, and it illustrates some of the many ways they help us understand normal and disordered behavior in humans. The module concludes by introducing the concept of observational learning, which is a form of learning that is largely distinct from classical and operant conditioning.

Subject:
Psychology
Social Science
Material Type:
Module
Provider:
Diener Education Fund
Provider Set:
Noba
Author:
Mark E. Bouton
Date Added:
10/13/2023
Emotion Experience and Well-Being
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Emotions don’t just feel good or bad, they also contribute crucially to people’s well-being and health. In general, experiencing positive emotions is good for us, whereas experiencing negative emotions is bad for us. However, recent research on emotions and well-being suggests this simple conclusion is incomplete and sometimes even wrong. Taking a closer look at this research, the present module provides a more complex relationship between emotion and well-being. At least three aspects of the emotional experience appear to affect how a given emotion is linked with well-being: the intensity of the emotion experienced, the fluctuation of the emotion experienced, and the context in which the emotion is experienced. While it is generally good to experience more positive emotion and less negative emotion, this is not always the guide to the good life.

Subject:
Psychology
Social Science
Material Type:
Lesson
Provider:
Diener Education Fund
Provider Set:
Noba
Author:
Brett Ford
Iris B. Mauss
Date Added:
10/18/2023
Entertainment Personality Group Activity
Read the Fine Print
Educational Use
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The purpose of this activity is to bring awareness to the underrepresentation of meaningful roles for women, people of color, LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender), and other groups in entertainment media. Furthermore, in the reflection section this activity will prompt participants to consider how this underrepresentation relates to prejudice and social privileges.

Subject:
Psychology
Social Science
Material Type:
Activity/Lab
Date Added:
11/02/2023
Forgetting and Amnesia
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This module explores the causes of everyday forgetting and considers pathological forgetting in the context of amnesia. Forgetting is viewed as an adaptive process that allows us to be efficient in terms of the information we retain.

Subject:
Psychology
Social Science
Material Type:
Module
Provider:
Diener Education Fund
Provider Set:
Noba
Author:
Brice Kuhl
Nicole Dudukovic
Date Added:
10/16/2023
Functions of Emotions
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Emotions play a crucial role in our lives because they have important functions. This module describes those functions, dividing the discussion into three areas: the intrapersonal, the interpersonal, and the social and cultural functions of emotions.

Subject:
Psychology
Social Science
Material Type:
Module
Provider:
Diener Education Fund
Provider Set:
Noba
Author:
David Matsumoto
Hyisung Hwang
Date Added:
10/18/2023
Guided Meditations
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For an introduction to mindfulness meditation that you can practice on your own, download the UCLA Mindful App (iTunes / Google Play), stream, or download the guided meditations below. Recorded by UCLA MARC's Director of Mindfulness Education, Diana Winston.

Subject:
Psychology
Social Science
Material Type:
Lesson
Author:
Diana Winston.
Date Added:
11/02/2023
Hate Crimes
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Public Domain
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Hate crimes are the highest priority of the FBI’s civil rights program because of the devastating impact they have on families and communities.

Subject:
Social Science
Material Type:
Reading
Provider:
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Date Added:
11/02/2023
The Healthy Life
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Our emotions, thoughts, and behaviors play an important role in our health. Not only do they influence our day-to-day health practices, but they can also influence how our body functions. This module provides an overview of health psychology, which is a field devoted to understanding the connections between psychology and health. Discussed here are examples of topics a health psychologist might study, including stress, psychosocial factors related to health and disease, how to use psychology to improve health, and the role of psychology in medicine.

Subject:
Psychology
Social Science
Material Type:
Module
Provider:
Diener Education Fund
Provider Set:
Noba
Author:
Emily Hooker
Sarah Pressman
Date Added:
11/02/2023
History of Mental Illness
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This module is divided into three parts. The first is a brief introduction to various criteria we use to define or distinguish between normality and abnormality. The second, largest part is a history of mental illness from the Stone Age to the 20th century, with a special emphasis on the recurrence of three causal explanations for mental illness; supernatural, somatogenic, and psychogenic factors. This part briefly touches upon trephination, the Greek theory of hysteria within the context of the four bodily humors, witch hunts, asylums, moral treatment, mesmerism, catharsis, the mental hygiene movement, deinstitutionalization, community mental health services, and managed care. The third part concludes with a brief description of the issue of diagnosis.

Subject:
Psychology
Social Science
Material Type:
Module
Provider:
Diener Education Fund
Provider Set:
Noba
Author:
Ingrid G. Farreras
Date Added:
10/20/2023
Hormones & Behavior
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The goal of this module is to introduce you to the topic of hormones and behavior. This field of study is also called behavioral endocrinology, which is the scientific study of the interaction between hormones and behavior. This interaction is bidirectional: hormones can influence behavior, and behavior can sometimes influence hormone concentrations. Hormones are chemical messengers released from endocrine glands that travel through the blood system to influence the nervous system to regulate behaviors such as aggression, mating, and parenting of individuals.

Subject:
Psychology
Social Science
Material Type:
Reading
Provider:
Diener Education Fund
Provider Set:
Noba
Author:
Randy J. Nelson
Date Added:
10/12/2023