Algebra and Trigonometry provides a comprehensive exploration of algebraic principles and meets scope and sequence requirements for a typical introductory algebra and trigonometry course. The modular approach and the richness of content ensures that the book meets the needs of a variety of courses. Algebra and Trigonometry offers a wealth of examples with detailed, conceptual explanations, building a strong foundation in the material before asking students to apply what they’ve learned.

This College Algebra text will cover a combination of classical algebra and analytic geometry, with an introduction to the transcendental exponential and logarithmic functions. If mathematics is the language of science, then algebra is the grammar of that language. Like grammar, algebra provides a structure to mathematical notation, in addition to its uses in problem solving and its ability to change the appearance of an expression without changing the value.

Complete course available at MyOpenMath. Course ID: 162945 With the use of the Openstax Precalculus textbook.  This work is a part of the growing collection of openly licensed course content that was revised, remixed or created by Owens faculty and staff. This course is specifically for the course MTH 173 at Owens.   Owens Community College Contributors: Julie Chesser, Beth Condon, Laud Kwaku, and Sarah Long.

This book was designed as an introductory trigonometry textbook for college students with the explicit goal of reducing textbook costs.

Sine and Cosine Functions - amplitude, period, phase-shift, sinusoidal functions, periodic functionsTMM 002 PRECALCULUS (Revised March 21, 2017)1. Functions: 1a. Analyze functions. Routine analysis includes discussion of domain, range, zeros, general function behavior (increasing, decreasing, extrema, etc.), as well as periodic characteristics such as period, frequency, phase shift, and amplitude. In addition to performing rote processes, the student can articulate reasons for choosing a particular process, recognize function families and anticipate behavior, and explain the implementation of a process (e.g., why certain real numbers are excluded from the domain of a given function).*

Secant and Cosecant Functions - period, phase-shift, periodic functions, asymptotes, sine function, cosine function, domainTMM 002 PRECALCULUS (Revised March 21, 2017)1. Functions: 1a. Analyze functions. Routine analysis includes discussion of domain, range, zeros, general function behavior (increasing, decreasing, extrema, etc.), as well as periodic characteristics such as period, frequency, phase shift, and amplitude. In addition to performing rote processes, the student can articulate reasons for choosing a particular process, recognize function families and anticipate behavior, and explain the implementation of a process (e.g., why certain real numbers are excluded from the domain of a given function).*

Tangent and Cotangent Functions - period, phase-shift, periodic functions, asymptotes, sine and cosine functionsTMM 002 PRECALCULUS (Revised March 21, 2017)1. Functions: 1a. Analyze functions. Routine analysis includes discussion of domain, range, zeros, general function behavior (increasing, decreasing, extrema, etc.), as well as periodic characteristics such as period, frequency, phase shift, and amplitude. In addition to performing rote processes, the student can articulate reasons for choosing a particular process, recognize function families and anticipate behavior, and explain the implementation of a process (e.g., why certain real numbers are excluded from the domain of a given function).*

Inverse Trigonometric Functions - domain, range, graph, one-to-one function, applications, periodic functions TMM 002 PRECALCULUS (Revised March 21, 2017)1. Functions: 1a. Analyze functions. Routine analysis includes discussion of domain, range, zeros, general function behavior (increasing, decreasing, extrema, etc.), as well as periodic characteristics such as period, frequency, phase shift, and amplitude. In addition to performing rote processes, the student can articulate reasons for choosing a particular process, recognize function families and anticipate behavior, and explain the implementation of a process (e.g., why certain real numbers are excluded from the domain of a given function).*

Sinusoidal function, harmonic motion, periodic functions, applications.TMM 002 PRECALCULUS (Revised March 21, 2017)1. Functions: 1a. Analyze functions. Routine analysis includes discussion of domain, range, zeros, general function behavior (increasing, decreasing, extrema, etc.), as well as periodic characteristics such as period, frequency, phase shift, and amplitude. In addition to performing rote processes, the student can articulate reasons for choosing a particular process, recognize function families and anticipate behavior, and explain the implementation of a process (e.g., why certain real numbers are excluded from the domain of a given function).*

Law of CosinesTMM 002 PRECALCULUS (Revised March 21, 2017)2c. Analyze general triangles. Routine analysis of side lengths and angle measurements using trigonometric ratios/functions, as well as other relationships.*Sample Tasks:The student can solve general triangles using trigonometric ratios and relationships including laws of sine and cosine.The student can compare similar triangles.The student can compute length and angle measurements inside complex drawings involving multiple geometric objects.The student can algebraically describe relationships inside complex drawings involving multiple geometric objects.

Law of SinesTMM 002 PRECALCULUS (Revised March 21, 2017)2c. Analyze general triangles. Routine analysis of side lengths and angle measurements using trigonometric ratios/functions, as well as other relationships.*Sample Tasks:The student can solve general triangles using trigonometric ratios and relationships including laws of sine and cosine.The student can compare similar triangles.The student can compute length and angle measurements inside complex drawings involving multiple geometric objects.The student can algebraically describe relationships inside complex drawings involving multiple geometric objects.

Trigonometric Equations, trigonometric identitiesTMM 002 PRECALCULUS (Revised March 21, 2017)4c. Become fluent with conversions using traditional equivalency families.*(e.g., (sin(𝑡))2+(cos(𝑡))2=1; (tan(𝑡))2+1=(sec(𝑡))2; sums/differences; products; double angle; Euler’s Formula (𝑒𝑖𝜃=cos(𝜃)+𝑖sin(𝜃)); etc.)Sample Tasks:The student can prove trigonometric identities.The student solves trigonometric equations.To solve √cos(4𝑡) = √sin(4𝑡), the student solves cos(4𝑡) =sin(4𝑡) and knows this procedure may result in extraneous solutions.The student solves |cos (2𝜃−3)| + 32 = 2 by rewriting the left-hand side as a piecewise-defined function.The student can rewrite formulas involving multiple occurrences of the variable to formulas involving a single occurrence. Write 𝑎sin(𝑤 𝑡)+𝑏cos(𝑤 𝑡) as 𝐴 sin (𝑤 𝑡+𝐵) or 𝐵 cos (𝑤 𝑡+𝐵). The student can rewrite sums as products to reveal attributes such as zeros, envelopes, and phase interference.The student can solve 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2(𝑡)+7sin(𝑡)−4=0 on a given interval.The student can solve 𝑙𝑜𝑔4(sin (𝑡))+𝑙𝑜𝑔4(2sin(𝑡)+7)=1 on a given interval. 

Complex numbers, Euler's notation, sine-cosine representation, DeMoivre's Theorem, product and quotient of complext numbers, powers and roots of complex numbers, magnitude, polar coordinates,

Vectors - dot product, projection, decomposition of a vectorTMM 002 PRECALCULUS (Revised March 21, 2017)AdditionalOptional Learning Outcomes:2. Geometry: The successful Precalculus student can:2e. Interpret the result of vector computations geometrically and within the confines of a particular applied context (e.g., forces).Sample Tasks:The student can define vectors, their arithmetic, their representation, and interpretations.The student can decompose vectors into normal and parallel components.The student can interpret the result of a vector computation as a change in location in the plane or as the net force acting on an object.

Book description: This is a text on elementary trigonometry, designed for students who have completed courses in high-school algebra and geometry. Though designed for college students, it could also be used in high schools. The traditional topics are covered, but a more geometrical approach is taken than usual. Also, some numerical methods (e.g. the secant method for solving trigonometric equations) are discussed. A brief tutorial on using Gnuplot to graph trigonometric functions is included.

There are 495 exercises in the book, with answers and hints to selected exercises.

This trigonometry textbook is different than other trigonometry books in that it is free to download, and the reader is expected to do more than read the book and is expected to study the material in the book by working out examples rather than just reading about them. So this book is not just about mathematical content but is also about the process of learning and doing mathematics. That is, this book is designed not to be just casually read but rather to be engaged.

Since this can be a difficult task, there are several features of the book designed to assist students in this endeavor. In particular, most sections of the book start with a beginning activity that review prior mathematical work that is necessary for the new section or introduce new concepts and definitions that will be used later in that section. Each section also contains several progress checks that are short exercises or activities designed to help readers determine if they are understanding the material. In addition, the text contains links to several interactive Geogebra applets or worksheets. These applets are usually part of a beginning activity or a progress check and are intended to be used as part of the textbook.

The authors are very interested in constructive criticism of the textbook from the users of the book, especially students, who are using or have used the book. Please send any comments you have to trigtext@gmail.com.